Methylene blue, also known as methylthioninium chloride, is a medication and a dye. As a medication it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia. Specifically it is used to treat methemoglobinemia levels that are greater than 30% or in which there are symptoms despite oxygen therapy. It has also been used for cyanide poisoning and urinary tract infections.
Initially Researchers from the University of Maryland (UMD) showed that Methylene Blue was able to repair skin cells that had been affected by a condition known as ‘progeria’. Progeria is an extremely rare genetic disorder in which symptoms resembling aspects of aging are manifested at a very early age. Those born with progeria typically live to their mid-teens to early twenties. Unfortunately, tt is a genetic condition that occurs as a new mutation, and therefore is rarely inherited, as carriers usually do not live to reproduce. Now, researchers from UMD have shown results that Methylene Blue could also be effective in helping healthy individuals attain younger skin.
They firstly applied a Methylene Blue ‘solution’ to skin cells from healthy middle-aged donors. They found that the chemical was able to lower the rate of cell death, increase the rate of cell division; and resolve the number of damaging molecules, known as reactive oxygen species in the cells.
The researchers then decided to test Methylene blue on skin cells from donors who were older than 80 years old. Again they found that the compound had beneficial effects – even to the point of reducing the expression of two genes often used to mark cellular aging: Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase and p16.
The researchers then tested the solution on some artificial skin that they had created for experimental testing:
“This system allowed us to test a range of aging symptoms that we can’t replicate in cultured cells alone,” said Kan Cao, senior author on the study and an associate professor of cell biology and molecular genetics at UMD. “Most surprisingly, we saw that model skin treated with methylene blue retained more water and increased in thickness – both of which are features typical of younger skin.”
“We have already begun formulating cosmetics that contain methylene blue. Now we are looking to translate this into marketable products,” Cao said. “We are also very excited to develop the three-dimensional skin model system. Perhaps down the road we can customize the system with bioprinting, such that we might be able to use a patient’s own cells to provide a tailor-made testing platform specific to their needs.”
Watch this space as Methylene Blue may well be on your bathroom shelf and you will be happy to use it!
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